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Home >>History >>History Timeline

History Timeline

Compiled by: Roderick C. Wahr

1801
Tondano in 1679
Tondano in 1679
In the year 1801 a warship shot at the Dutch fortress in Manado. After investigation the warship appeared to be English. In the knowledge that there was a conflict between the Dutch and the English, the Minahasa Walaks asked the help of the English to chase away the Dutch. In an effort to chase away the Dutch, Gerrit Wuisang bought guns, ammunition and cannons from the English.
When Resident Dur was replaced by Resident Prediger, the Tondano people started to prepare themselves for war against the Dutch. Led by Tewu (Touliang) and Ma’alengen (Toulimambot), the Tondano community was sure that their dwelling place above the water on the banks of the lake would be hard to attack by the Dutch, unlike the dwelling places of the other Minahasa Walaks.

1806
Fort Moraya in Minawanua was being fortified with trenches on the shore and troops with 2000 boats on the lake side. The Tondano leaders made agreements with the Walaks of Tombulu, Tonsea, Tontemboan, and Pasan-Ratahan to send troops and food. Other Minahasa Walak leaders who helped were amongst others: Andries Lintong (Likupang), Umboh or Ombuk and Rondonuwu (Kalabat) Manopo and Sambuaga (Tomohon), Gerrit Opatia (Bantik), Poluwakan (Tanawangko), Tuyu (Kawangkoan), Walewangko (Sonder), Keincem (Kiawa), Talumepa (Rumoong), Manampiring (Tombasian), Kalito (Manado), Kalalo (Kakas), Mokolengsang (Ratahan) while troop leaders of Tondano at the beginning of the war were Kilapog, Sarapung and Korengkeng.

1808
In the month of May 1808 the Minahasa already forbade the Dutch to go land inwards, but in October the Dutch brought large troops consisting of soldiers from Gorontalo, Sangihe, Tidore, Ternate, Java, and Ambon and placed tents in Tata´aran. On 23rd October, the Dutch started to fire at the Moraya Tondano fortress with 6 pound cannons. However, they did not suspect that there would be resistance from the side of Tondano. Moreover, the Dutch tents in Tata´aran were surprised when fearless troops under command of Rumapar, Walalangi, Walintukan and Rumambi attacked in the middle of the night. In the month of November the highest Dutch leader Prediger was wounded due to shot wounds in Tata´aran. He then was replaced by his deputy Lieutenant J. Herder. The war then became more ferocious and then resulted in war on land and by boat.

1809
Click to enlarge
Kora-kora boat
Leaders of Tondano ordered Kora-Kora boats to cut off the logistics for food from Kakas to Tondano. On 14th April the troops of Jacob Korompis attacked the Dutch tents in Koya. In the attack that occurred at night, Jacob succeeded to seize Dutch ammunition and guns.On 2nd June the Dutch made an agreement with the other Minahasa Walak heads. Then the troops which were not from Tondano started to leave the Moraya Fort because of shortage of food. The ones remaining were troops from Tomohon and Kalabat.
When the Moraya Fort became more desolate, there was no more sound of war shouts and the sounds of shooting guns. Then one night the Dutch attacked the fortress and burned the land. That attack was made on the night of 4th August and the morning of 5th August. In that attack the Dutch then scorched the earth of the Tondano Moraya Fort. The major leaders of the Tondano war were Tewu (Touliang), Lontho (Kamasi-Tomohon), Mamahit (Remboken), Matulandi (Telap) and Theodorus Lumingkewas (Touliang). They were the Walak heads who were called “Majoor” or Tona’as of war.

1817
In Ambon rebels revolted against the returning Dutch. Under leadership of Thomas Matulessy, also called Pattimura, the Dutch fortress on Saparua was taken. With reinforcements from Batavia the fortress was retaken and Matulessy was executed.

Manado School Diploma, 1921
Manado School Diploma, 1921
1825-1830

The Java War. The Minahasa fought alongside the Dutch in this war. Also in other parts of the archipelago to subdue rebellions.

1820
A Calvinist group, the Netherlands Missionary Society, turned from an almost exclusive interest in Maluku to the Minahasa area.
With the missionaries came mission schools, which meant that, as in Ambon and Roti, Western education in Minahasa started much earlier than in other parts of Indonesia.The schools taught in the Dutch language.

1830
Javanese prince and Indonesian hero Diponegoro was exiled to Manado by the Dutch.


1801 - 1849



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